THE BLESSING AND
CURSE OF CHLORINATION
The problem of contaminated water is
an old problem. Hundreds of Americans, even through the 1920s and the 1930s,
have died from typhoid fever and amoebic dysentery caused by drinking polluted
municipal water. The use of chlorine to purify water supplies is considered
one of the most important public health advances of the twentieth century.
Following the introduction of widespread water chlorination, once-common
diseases such as cholera, dysentery, and typhoid fever were practically
eliminated. Using disinfectants, along with improved filtration and sewage
treatment, dramatic improvements in our water quality have been achieved. Today
98% of U.S. drinking water is disinfected by chlorine.
The bad news is that the
chlorination cure-all does have a downside. Disinfection by-products (DBPs)
resulting from the reaction between chlorine and organic material, such as
leaves and sediment in the source water, are now found in our drinking water. In
the 1970s, certain DBPs were found to cause adverse health effects. According to
the EPA, chronic exposure to chlorine and chlorine by-products may cause liver,
kidney, heart, and neurological damage, as well as affecting unborn children.
Chlorinating, which kills bacteria, also kills body cells. Chlorinating
can produce trihalomethanes (THM), which have been found to be carcinogenic. A
study led by Kenneth P. Cantor at the National Cancer Institute, which was
published in the December 1987 issue of the Journal of National Cancer
Institute, found that people who drank 8 cups of chlorinated tap water for
40-59 years had a 40% greater risk of bladder cancer than those who drank
less tap water or unchlorinated water. People who drank 8 cups of chlorinated
tap water for 60 or more years had an 80% greater risk of bladder cancer.
An article from the January 1995,
Environmental Health Perspectives: Consumers must still rely on chemical
disinfection to prevent waterborne disease. From 1971 to 1990, more than 140,000
people nationwide became ill from microbial contamination of drinking water,
according to a study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. However,
according to Robert D. Morris, an epidemiologist with the Department of Family
and Community Medicine at the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, such
numbers on waterborne disease are only speculative. "The surveillance
systems for waterborne disease are designed only to address severe outbreaks.
They are useless for dealing with diseases where there is no mortality and which
are self-limiting." Thus, the numbers of people affected by waterborne
disease are likely much higher than reported numbers. EPA is attempting to
balance risks from microbial contaminants against risks from disinfectants and
disinfection by-products.
Dr. Joseph Price, writer of Coronary/Cholesterol/Chlorine,
noted an elevated rate of arteriosclerosis among servicemen in Vietnam who drank
chlorinated water. He noticed unusually increased rates of cholesterol in 18 and
20 year old men and concluded that it was caused by the chlorinated water. His
theory was born out when he tested it in a controlled situation with
animals...he gave some chlorinated water and some not. While researching his
book, Dr. Price also found the small city of Fullerton, Pennsylvania, which had
no water treatment, boasting a population which suffers with no heart disease.
This was true, even though most of the population of Fullterton is of Italian
ancestry, and they consumed what should have been a high cholesterol diet. The
question is, can chlorinating our water lead to heart disease??
A February 20th news article out
of the United Kingdom reported that an independent study into the use of
chlorine-treated drinking water has been ordered by the Government because
of fears that it may cause spina bifida and stillbirth. Scientists will
carry out the research after doctors in other parts of the world reported higher
levels of birth defects in areas where chlorine is used, compared with drinking
water treated by alternative methods. All of Britain’s water companies
chlorinate their supplies.
A Norwegian study of 141,000
births over three years, found a 14 percent increased risk of birth defects
in areas with chlorinated water. Scientists have already found an
association between chlorine and an increased risk of bowel, kidney, and bladder
cancer, but it is the first time that a link has been found with higher levels
of spina bifida.
Chlorinated water touches
everyone. Mr. Erik D. Olson, senior attorney with the Natural Resources Defense
Council, says: "One of the largest exposures to chlorinated compounds is
from drinking water. Virtually every person in the country is exposed daily,
even hourly, to chlorinated water."
It is important that each family
takes precautions as to the quality of water which we drink. The AquaRain
Water Filtration System has been specifically engineered to provide safe
drinking water from raw water sources as well as municipal sources which we wish
to filter. The innovative ceramic elements are filled
with a high grade silvered granulated activated carbon and will remove bacteria,
cysts, pesticides, chemicals, chlorine, tastes and odors, while leaving the
naturally occurring minerals and beneficial electrolytes found in the water
unaffected. The ceramic shell is manufactured of natural inert materials
(diatomaceous earth and clay) and will gently filter drinking water nature’s
way using gravity.
Water is simply poured into the
upper container of the AquaRain system where it trickles down through the highly
specialized ceramic filter elements, leaving cysts, bacteria, and sediment in
the outer layer of the ceramic. After passing through the thick ceramic wall,
the water flows through a bed of silvered coconut shell carbon which adsorbs
pesticides, various organic chemicals, and chlorine. The filtered
water then drips into the lower storage container where it accumulates for easy
dispensing with a handy lever-action faucet. The ceramic filters are easily
cleaned - up to 200 times - and feature individually attached wear
indicators.
When seeking self-reliant living, as well
as safe, cost effective drinking water from an energy-free source, a gravity
water system is the answer. It is gravity fed. No electricity or water
pressure is needed. Ceramic filters safely remove dangerous waterborne
pathogens such as cysts and bacteria without the use of dangerous chemicals like
chlorine or iodine or the high energy costs of a distiller.
The energy-free gravity operation of an AquaRain Water Filter, combined with
very long life, state-of-the-art ceramic technology and high quality coconut
shell carbon, allows this filter system to produce safe, clean drinking water at
the absolute lowest cost per gallon. The durable and attractive stainless
steel housing with long lasting ceramic filter elements make the AquaRain
Gravity Water Filter System the absolute best value for the dollar in comparison
to any other water filter system. All this with the
ADDED benefit of its ability to keep producing safe drinking water in an
emergency.